They are cutting tools, to remove materials from a desired or targeted area or to create holes. They come in various shapes and sizes depending on the type of material you want it to use for.
There are three main categories of bits according to the type of material you are using. First one is wood bits. These are made by a small pointed tip at the very end and have spurs on each side. These are the most versatile and commonly used bits.
Types of wood bits
Wood bits are further divided into different kinds of bits. Twist bits are mostly used for drilling in woods but they can also be used in drilling light metals. The double chamfer shape of it allows an exact lead in the drilling hole, also in low drilling depths and prevents stucking of chips between bits and hole walls. Twist bits are suitable for drilling in plywood, fiber wood and hardwood.
Second in the list is Brad-point bits. If you want your bits to accurately make drills inside wooden work pieces. This drill bit has a brad made at its center which is fundamental in precisely drilling holes in wooden materials. There are wide grooves made in broad-point bits that make it perfect to fall off dust and chips.
Self-Feed bits have a spur for fast penetration of materials. It has gotten a screw tip that helps to position the bit, and further draws the bit through wooden materials. As the tip makes boring through work a lot easier, that’s why it’s named self-feed bits. Self-feed bits have the disadvantage that you need to periodically remove the bits for cleaning of dust and chips. So you need to defer the cleaning of dust and chips to avoid wasting time.
Metal wood bits
Another in the list is the drill bits for metal. It is similar to a self-feed drill bit except that it has a screw tip that digs the hole and pushes the bit through the material. Another advantage of using it over a self-feed drill bit is that it makes clean holes because of its hollow center design. You don’t have to apply a lot of pressure while drilling or creating holes compared to other bits.
Installer bits are used to bore holes for installing wiring for entertainment or security systems. At the very tip of the installer bit, you have a small hole where you want to insert wires through the material. Installer bits are up to 18 inches long.
Forstner bits are used when we want to create smooth and clean holes. This bit also comes with a pointed tip that allows for easy positioning of the bit. It is better to use the Forstner bits with a drilling machine to drill with ease.
DeWalt drill bits are also known as long wood bits, they can create large diameter holes of up to 1 inch. Spade bits are used to create holes for running cables.
Types of metal bits
Gone are those reminiscent days in which you had to drill a hole or cut material and then clean dust periodically. Now drill bit parts are used for metal sheets and objects and designed in such a way that dust gets removed with it . Generally they are made of two kinds of materials: titanium and cobalt. Titanium is a corrosion-resistant material and in the form of titanium nitride applied as a coating to High Speed Steel (HSS) to give them a high level of surface hardness. This characteristic allows titanium-coated bits to be used to drill tough materials and last up to 6 times longer than standard HSS bits.
Carbon tool steels are used for applications where little heat is going to be generated. They are further divided into two types: High Carbon Steel and Low Carbon Steel. Low carbon steel cannot cut hard metals but it can cut softwoods and plastics. High carbon steel has higher tempers than low carbon steel and can cut hard metals and thus have a long life and require less maintenance.
High-Speed Steel (HSS) is the most commonly used material in bits since it has a higher red hardness and improved wear resistance. These properties allow for drilling at higher operating speeds and into harder materials. The friction created by high-speed turning can raise temperatures dramatically, but HSS is designed to operate at these higher speeds. HSS can function at normal temperatures, as well, but only at a level equal to standard carbon steel. HSS can also take coatings, such as titanium nitride, which give the drill bit better lubricity, decreasing friction and rejuvenating the bit’s life.
Cobalt HSS bits have added Cobalt which gives the material a higher red hardness than standard HSS. They have higher speed compared to standard HSS.
Different kind of Coatings of bits
Coatings help dwarf friction and heat buildup the drill bit as well as catalyze the flow of material out of the drilling point. Zirconium is a hard and anti-corrosive material that does a coating job quite well. For materials like steel, which is hard but exhibits brittle characteristics, the strength can be increased by the use of zirconium nitride. The drilling precision ameliorates with Zirconium coatings because it dwarfs the friction significantly.
Black oxide coating helps reduce friction in the cut, reducing heat buildup in the drill bit, as well as ameliorating the flow of material out of the drilling point. It also delivers protection against corrosion, rust and water damage. However, it abhors drilling ferrous materials, such as iron or steel.
Treatments of bits
Treatment of bits is used to adorn it with toughness, high yield strength and more resistance. Here we will discuss only cryogenic treatments.
Cryogenically treated steels will undergo three transformations during this exacting process. First, the crystalline structure will transform. Retained austenite left over from heat treating will be converted to the more dangled form known as martensitic. This will allow any imperfections or voids in the crystalline structure to be removed, creating a more durable part. Second, carbon deposits will populate, this process is known as the precipitation of eta-carbides. This will lead to wear resistance improvements, allowing the parts to last significantly longer.
Conclusion
In this article, we discussed different kinds of drill bit parts and dewalt drill bits and types. Wooden and metal bits were discussed. Drill bits are a must-have cutting tool if you want to renovate your cupboard, or desks.
